Cheat Sheet For AWS Global Infrastructure

Regions: AWS has 25 regions worldwide (as of September 2021), each consisting of multiple Availability Zones. Some popular regions include US East (N. Virginia), US West (Oregon), EU (Ireland), and Asia Pacific (Tokyo). 

Availability Zones (AZs): Within each region, there are multiple Availability Zones (AZs). An AZ is a physically separate data centre that is isolated from other AZs within the same region. This provides fault tolerance and high availability. 

Edge Locations: AWS has over 250 Edge Locations globally (as of September 2021), which are used for content delivery and caching. These locations are located in major cities around the world and are used to cache data for faster delivery to end-users. 

Direct Connect: AWS Direct Connect provides a dedicated network connection from your on-premises data centre to AWS. This connection bypasses the public internet and provides a more secure and reliable connection. 

CloudFront: AWS CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) that provides low-latency and high-speed delivery of your static and dynamic web content. CloudFront uses Edge Locations to cache content and deliver it to end-users from the nearest location. 

Route 53: AWS Route 53 is a scalable DNS service that can route traffic to AWS resources and to other external endpoints. Route 53 can also be used to monitor the health of your resources and automatically route traffic to healthy endpoints. 

AWS Global Accelerator: AWS Global Accelerator is a service that improves the availability and performance of your applications by routing traffic over the AWS global network to the optimal AWS endpoint based on your application's performance and health.

Cheat Sheet For AWS EC2

On-Demand Instances: On-Demand instances allow you to pay for compute capacity by the hour or second, with no long-term commitments or upfront payments. This is a good option for applications with short-term, unpredictable workloads or for users who want to get started with AWS quickly and easily. 

Reserved Instances: Reserved Instances provide a significant discount (up to 75%) compared to On-Demand instances, in exchange for a one- or three-year commitment to use the instance type in a specific region. Reserved Instances are a good option for applications with predictable workloads or steady-state usage. 

Spot Instances: Spot Instances allow you to bid on unused EC2 capacity, which can result in significant cost savings (up to 90%) compared to On-Demand instances. However, Spot Instances can be terminated at any time if the current Spot price exceeds your bid, so they are best suited for fault-tolerant and flexible applications that can handle interruptions.

Dedicated Hosts: Dedicated Hosts provide physical EC2 servers that are fully dedicated to your use. This can be useful for compliance, licensing, or regulatory requirements, or for applications that require high levels of isolation.

Savings Plans: Savings Plans provide flexible pricing options for EC2, Fargate, and Lambda usage. They offer savings of up to 72% compared to On-Demand pricing, and require a commitment to a consistent amount of usage over a one- or three-year term. 

EC2 Fleet: EC2 Fleet is a feature that allows you to provision capacity across multiple EC2 instance types, Availability Zones, and Spot Instance pools with a single API call. This can help optimize your application's performance and cost.

Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) and Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS): These managed container services provide flexible pricing options for running containers in the cloud. They offer On-Demand and Spot pricing options, as well as Fargate pricing options that allow you to pay for only the resources you use, down to the millisecond.

Cheat Sheet For EBS 

EBS Volume Types: EBS offers four types of volumes: General Purpose (SSD), Provisioned IOPS (SSD), Throughput Optimized HDD, and Cold HDD. Each volume type is optimized for a specific workload, such as transactional databases, big data analytics, or cold data storage.

EBS Snapshots: EBS Snapshots are point-in-time copies of EBS volumes. Snapshots are incremental, which means that only the blocks that have changed since the last snapshot are stored. Snapshots can be used to back up data, restore data, or migrate data between regions. 

EBS Encryption: EBS supports encryption of data at rest using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). This provides an additional layer of security for your data, and helps ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.

EBS Volumes and EC2 Instances: EBS volumes are network-attached storage devices that can be attached to EC2 instances. An EBS volume can only be attached to one EC2 instance at a time, but an EC2 instance can have multiple EBS volumes attached to it. 

EBS Optimized Instances: EBS Optimized instances provide dedicated network capacity for EBS I/O operations. This can improve performance for EBS-intensive workloads, such as large databases or big data analytics. 

EBS Elastic Volumes: EBS Elastic Volumes allow you to dynamically adjust the size, performance, and type of your EBS volumes without requiring a stop/start of your EC2 instance. This can help optimize costs and performance for changing workloads. 

EBS Direct APIs: EBS Direct APIs allow EC2 instances to access EBS volumes directly over the network, without the need for a local virtualization layer. This can improve performance for latency-sensitive workloads, such as databases or HPC.